Research and Data Terms

• 1.1 These Terms apply to the research outputs, datasets, series, indicators, maps, layers, models, instruments, digital twins and editions published on risksacademy.com and the faculty sites published at addresses beginning with risksacademy.com/ (together, the Site) (together, Research Material).
• 1.2 This document applies together with the Terms of Use, the Privacy Policy and the Cookie Policy of the Site.

• 2.1 Research Material created by the publisher is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International licence (CC BY 4.0) where the material says so. Descriptive metadata is dedicated to the public domain under CC0 1.0. Code is licensed under the licence stated in its repository.
• 2.2 Third-party datasets keep their provider’s licence, which is stated beside the data with its source. Where a provider’s licence does not allow redistribution, its data is shown for reading or linked at the provider, never redistributed, and any condition of the licence, such as a non-commercial or no-derivatives condition, is stated where the data appears.
• 2.3 A licence applies from the date the material is publicly released and cannot be withdrawn for material already released. Material that has no licence stated may be read and cited with attribution; any other reuse needs permission.

• 3.1 Cite Research Material by title, publisher, version or edition, date, persistent identifier (a DOI, or a Unique Nexus Identifier (UNI) where one is given), licence and address. A suggested citation is given with the material where one exists.
• 3.2 Keep the credits of third-party data and imagery in every reuse, including in exported figures and derived datasets, and indicate any change made to the material.
• 3.3 Attribution does not suggest that the publisher, a contributor or a data provider supports the person reusing the material or the use made of it.

• 4.1 Every figure, layer and dataset carries an evidence class that says what kind of number it is: observed, reported, published statistics, estimated, derived, modelled, scenario, a forecast issued by its provider, or expert judgement. It carries its source, its time and, where they are known, its method and uncertainty.
• 4.2 An evidence class describes the nature of a number, not its correctness. Gaps in evidence are stated, not filled, and a value that cannot be supported is withheld with the reason.

• 6.1 Research Material is provided as is and as available. Data may contain errors, gaps and delays, live feeds may be interrupted, and models carry the assumptions and uncertainty stated with them.
• 6.2 The authoritative version of a third-party dataset is the one its provider publishes. Users are responsible for judging whether Research Material is fit for their purpose; it must not be used for navigation, emergency response or any safety-critical or operational decision.
• 6.3 Research Material is not a forecast or a warning. It is not a rating and not professional advice. The Disclaimers and Data Notices state the limits in full.

• 7.1 Research Material is published only in a form that does not identify individuals. Personal information found in a contributed dataset is removed before publication.
• 7.2 The precise locations of critical infrastructure, sacred sites, threatened species and sensitive heritage, and security-sensitive detail, are withheld or generalised.
• 7.3 Data held by Indigenous peoples and local communities is governed by the CARE Principles for Indigenous Data Governance and stays under the authority of the community that holds it. Data contributed by a national institution stays under that institution’s control and terms; the publisher claims no ownership of it.

• 8.1 Methods, sources and code are published with the material they produce, so that results can be reproduced and challenged. Funding and conflicts of interest are disclosed with the material they relate to.
• 8.2 Research that involves people follows the research-ethics review that the law and the participating institutions require. Errors are corrected in public under the Corrections and Right of Reply Policy.

• 9.1 Interfaces for machines are used within their documented limits and under the terms published with them. Keys are personal to the account to which they are issued and are not shared or resold.

• 10.1 These Terms are governed by the laws of the Province of Ontario and the federal laws of Canada applicable therein, without regard to conflict-of-laws rules that would apply another law, without prejudice to any mandatory protection of the law of the country where a user lives.
• 10.2 Questions about Research Material and its licences go to the contact form.

Prepared for review by legal counsel before adoption.