nexustandards.com/hazards · 4 taught
Metirsî û Kêmkirina Xetera Karesatan
NRS-H11 Coastal and sea-level hazards; NRS-H12 Ocean-state extremes
4standard1discipline
Illustrative: sea-surface temperature, eddy-driven surface drifters and the ice edge
Risk Academy, led by the Nexus Consortium · Earth and Environmental Sciences · Department of Climate and Ocean Sciences
Taught in the Nexus stream
Okyanûs û peravên deryayê
The discipline covers marine ecosystems, coastal hazards such as bilindbûna pêlên bahozê, erosion and sea-level rise, ocean observation, and the communities, fisheries, ports and blue economy that depend on the ocean.
- Sea-level rise and coastal flood
- Storm surge and coastal erosion
- Marine ecosystems and ocean warming
- Ocean acidification and deoxygenation
- Fisheries and coastal livelihoods
- Bender û binesaziya behrî
- Qirêjiya behrê
- Çavdêriya okyanûsê
- Berxwedana giravan
- Aboriya şîn
Courses in development extend the scope to further subjects: Ocean warming, acidification and marine heatwaves; Fisheries and aquaculture risk; Ocean governance beyond national jurisdiction.
02Nexşe
Maps and the globe for any place
Search any place or open the world; the layers and generators follow oceans and coasts on the planet map, the globe and in 3D.
The boundaries, names and designations shown do not imply any judgement on the legal status of any territory, or any endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries. Countries: Natural Earth (public domain).
03Nexşeya zindî
Ocean state in the Maghreb
Marine heat, sea surface temperature, chlorophyll and sea ice from satellite analyses, over the Maghreb.
Nexşeya înteraktîf JavaScript hewce dike; lîsteya qatan û çavkanî li jêr in.
Qat 1
Ocean state
Derbarê vê qatê
- Delîl
- Çavdêrîkirî
- Çavkanî
- GHRSST MUR25 (NASA JPL PO.DAAC)
- Peydakar
- NASA JPL PO.DAAC
- Lîsans
- Daneyên vekirî yên NASA
- Berhema salê
- daily; Satellite analysis
- Nûtirîn di dema avakirinê de
- 2026-10-12
- Çareserî
- torê nêzîkî 2 km
- Nediyarî
- Satellite analysis of how far sea temperature departs from its usual value for the date shown; a marine heat indicator, not a spîbûna koralan alert.
- Bi vê rêyê tê gihîştin
- gibs.earthdata.nasa.gov, tenê piştî ku hûn nexşeya zindî destûr bidin
Derbarê vê qatê
- Delîl
- Çavdêrîkirî
- Çavkanî
- GHRSST MUR (NASA JPL PO.DAAC)
- Peydakar
- NASA JPL PO.DAAC
- Lîsans
- Daneyên vekirî yên NASA
- Berhema salê
- daily; Satellite analysis
- Nûtirîn di dema avakirinê de
- 2026-10-12
- Çareserî
- torê nêzîkî 1 km
- Nediyarî
- Gap-filled satellite analysis of sea surface temperature for the date shown; not a reef or species condition report.
- Bi vê rêyê tê gihîştin
- gibs.earthdata.nasa.gov, tenê piştî ku hûn nexşeya zindî destûr bidin
Derbarê vê qatê
- Delîl
- Observed (clouds and sun glint leave gaps)
- Çavkanî
- MODIS Aqua ocean colour (NASA OB.DAAC)
- Peydakar
- NASA OB.DAAC
- Lîsans
- Daneyên vekirî yên NASA
- Berhema salê
- daily; Satellite retrieval; clouds and sun glint leave gaps
- Nûtirîn di dema avakirinê de
- 2026-10-13
- Çareserî
- torê nêzîkî 1 km
- Nediyarî
- Satellite estimate of chlorophyll-a near the sea surface on the day shown, an indicator of plankton and ocean productivity; not a measure of fish stocks or harmful blooms.
- Bi vê rêyê tê gihîştin
- gibs.earthdata.nasa.gov, tenê piştî ku hûn nexşeya zindî destûr bidin
Derbarê vê qatê
- Delîl
- Çavdêrîkirî
- Çavkanî
- GHRSST MUR (NASA JPL PO.DAAC)
- Peydakar
- NASA JPL PO.DAAC
- Lîsans
- Daneyên vekirî yên NASA
- Berhema salê
- daily; Satellite analysis
- Nûtirîn di dema avakirinê de
- 2026-10-12
- Çareserî
- torê nêzîkî 1 km
- Nediyarî
- Satellite analysis. Satellite or model raster as the provider publishes it. Clouds, swath gaps and retrieval error leave gaps and noise; values are indicators, not measurements at a place.
- Bi vê rêyê tê gihîştin
- gibs.earthdata.nasa.gov, tenê piştî ku hûn nexşeya zindî destûr bidin
Derbarê vê qatê
- Delîl
- Çavdêrîkirî
- Çavkanî
- VIIRS NOAA-20 refleksiyona rastkirî (NASA LANCE)
- Peydakar
- NASA LANCE
- Lîsans
- Daneyên vekirî yên NASA
- Berhema salê
- rojane; Wêneya peykî
- Nûtirîn di dema avakirinê de
- 2026-10-14
- Çareserî
- tora nêzîkî 250 m
- Nediyarî
- Wêneyê peykî. Rasterê peykî an modelî wekî peydakar diweşîne. Ewr, valahiyên şeritê û çewtiya wergirtinê valahî û xîrecir dihêlin; nirx nîşander in, ne pîvanên li cihekî ne.
- Bi vê rêyê tê gihîştin
- gibs.earthdata.nasa.gov, tenê piştî ku hûn nexşeya zindî destûr bidin
Klavye, dema ku nexşe di fokusê de ye
Ctrl an ⌘ bigire û bizivirîne da ku nêzîk bikî
Ya herî dawî ya heyî
NASA GIBS / EOSDIS · ASTER GDEM (METI, NASA) · Blue Marble (NASA) · © OpenStreetMap contributors (ODbL) · Natural Earth
Wêneyên herî nû yên NASA tê barkirin.
Bikişîne da ku bilivîne. Ctrl an ⌘ û zivirandin, pincandin an bişkojkan ji bo nêzîkkirinê; ji bo nirxên di bin nîşanderê de li ser bisekine; vegerandin vedigere herêmê.
Ocean state, framed on the Maghreb.Berhemên peyk û modelê wekî NASA diweşîne, her yek bi dîroka xwe. Nîşander in, ne nirxandinên tu cihî ne.
Dane: NASA GIBS · ASTER GDEM · Blue Marble · © beşdarên OpenStreetMap · Natural Earth · NASA EONETÇavkanî û lîsans
- We acknowledge the use of imagery provided by services from NASA’s Global Imagery Browse Services (GIBS), part of NASA’s Earth Science Data and Information System (ESDIS). Colours redrawn from the published colour map; values averaged into H3 cells where shown (modified). Daneyên vekirî yên NASA
- GHRSST Level 4 MUR analyses, NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory; distributed by the NASA Physical Oceanography DAAC (PO.DAAC); imagery via NASA GIBS. Colours redrawn from the published colour map; values averaged into H3 cells where shown (modified). Daneyên vekirî yên NASA
- MODIS Aqua ocean colour, NASA Ocean Biology Processing Group; distributed by the NASA Ocean Biology DAAC (OB.DAAC); imagery via NASA GIBS. Colours redrawn from the published colour map; values averaged into H3 cells where shown (modified). Daneyên vekirî yên NASA
- Berhemên VIIRS yên hema dema rast (lehî, germahiya rûyê erdê, berfa li erdê, refleksiya rastkirî), NASA LANCE; wêne bi NASA GIBS. Reng ji nexşeya rengan a weşandî ji nû ve hatine kişandin; nirx li şaneyên H3 yên ku têne nîşandan hatine navînkirin (hatiye guhertin). Daneyên vekirî yên NASA
- ASTER GDEM berhemek METI û NASA ye (ASTER Global Digital Elevation Model V003, NASA LP DAAC); wêne bi riya NASA GIBS. Reng ji nexşeya rengan a weşandî ji nû ve hatine xêzkirin; nirx li cihên ku têne nîşandan di nav şaneyên H3 de hatine navînkirin (hatine guherandin). Wiha bide nîşan: NASA/METI/AIST/Japan Spacesystems and U.S./Japan ASTER Science Team (2019). ASTER Global Digital Elevation Model V003. doi:10.5067/ASTER/ASTGTM.003. Daneyên vekirî yên NASA
- Bi Natural Earth hatiye çêkirin. Daneyên nexşeyê yên vektor û raster ên belaş @ naturalearthdata.com. Giştî
- © beşdarên OpenStreetMap (ODbL), bi NASA GIBS (xetên peravê, sînor, rê û navên cihan). Reng ji nexşeya rengan a weşandî ji nû ve hatine kişandin; nirx li şaneyên H3 yên ku têne nîşandan hatine navînkirin (hatiye guhertin). ODbL
- Blue Marble, NASA Earth Observatory; wêne bi riya NASA GIBS. Reng ji nexşeya rengan a weşandî ji nû ve hatine xêzkirin; nirx li cihên ku têne nîşandan di nav şaneyên H3 de hatine navînkirin (hatine guherandin). Daneyên vekirî yên NASA
- Çarçove li ser globa û nexşeya daxistî: peravên, sînor, rê û navên cihan ji qatên referansê yên NASA GIBS (daneyên OpenStreetMap, ODbL, © OpenStreetMap contributors); wêneya Blue Marble wekî bingeha bijarte; erdnîgariya 3D û xwendina bilindahiyê ji nîşandera rengê bilindahiyê ya ASTER GDEM (çînên 5 m heta 200 m, ji bo xwendinê hatine mezinkirin). Sînor wekî hatine weşandin têne xêzkirin û li ser tu axê helwestekê nîşan nadin.
- Gerdûn: MapLibre GL JS 6.9.1, BSD-3-Clause, © beşdarên MapLibre.
- Bûyerên zindî: NASA Earth Observatory Natural Event Tracker (EONET); bûyer nîşanî ne û girêdanên çavkaniya xwe ya orîjînal diparêzin.
- NASA GIBS: We acknowledge the use of imagery provided by services from NASA’s Global Imagery Browse Services (GIBS), part of NASA’s Earth Science Data and Information System (ESDIS).
- Daneyên hewayê ji Open-Meteo.com (https://open-meteo.com/), bi lîsansa CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
- Qatên bijarte (8 çavkanî di lîsteya qatan de: zindî, pêşbînî, çavdêrîkirî û çarçove) gava têne vekirin krediya peydakerê xwe li ser nexşeyê û li vir çap dikin; pêşbînî encama modelê ne û nîşanderên derxistî texmîn in.
Qat û dîrok
- Anomaliya germahiya rûyê behrê: GHRSST MUR25, NASA JPL PO.DAAC · 12 Cotmeh 2026
- Germahiya rûyê behrê: GHRSST MUR, NASA JPL PO.DAAC · 12 Cotmeh 2026
- Qebareya klorofîl-a ya okyanûsê: rengê okyanûsê yê MODIS Aqua, NASA OB.DAAC · 12 Cotmeh 2026
- Qelebalixiya cemedê behrê: GHRSST MUR, NASA JPL PO.DAAC · 12 Cotmeh 2026
- Rengê rastîn: VIIRS NOAA-20 refleksiyona rastkirî, NASA LANCE · 13 Cotmeh 2026
04The subject
The subject, methods and measures and debates and bodies
The field and its scope
For coastal planners, port and fisheries managers, marine scientists and analysts of coastal risk who need to read a sea-level projection, a bilindbûna pêlên bahozê return level or an ocean heat record and know what each can support.
Quantities and units
Methods and their limits
Each method is listed with what it assumes and where it fails.
What the field debates
Bodies that set practice, and the data they publish
Bodies and standards are named so learners can find and apply their published work; the Academy teaches their use and links to the publisher, and no affiliation is implied.
05The method
From a centimetre of sea level to a flooded street: how a rising mean turns a rare surge into a frequent one, and what a defence must be
Mean sea level rises by an amount the ice and the ocean set; extreme sea levels ride on that mean, so the surge height that once returned every 100 years returns exponentially more often as the mean rises; the return period of a defence being overtopped is the quantity a coastal decision uses.
Sources: Vousdoukas et al., Global probabilistic projections of extreme sea levels show intensification of coastal flood hazard (2018); Hunter, A simple technique for estimating an allowance for uncertain sea-level rise (2012); Kopp et al., Probabilistic 21st and 22nd century sea-level projections at a global network of tide-gauge sites (2014); Hallegatte et al., Future flood losses in major coastal cities (2013); IPCC, Special Report on the Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate (2019).
06Amûr
Okyanûs û peravên deryayê
- Open, 0
- In preparation, 4
- Also taught here, 5
- Subtopics, 10
07Îmze
How oceans and coasts connects the sectors
Select corners to build a signature, then hover a line to read what each sector gives and receives.
Select corners · hover lines10 / 15 têkilî
Çarçove
Bilindbûna ava behrê ya bahozê li peravan
Mangrove û kumên qûmê mewcê dimijin; li cihê ku wan tune ne, bender, binestasyon û lêgirtinên avê wê digirin.
W · E · I · F · H · B
- Sektor
- 5 ji 6
- Têkilî
- 10 ji 15
- Girêdan
- 0.64 para ji tevahiyê
Têkiliyên herî xurt ên di lîstikê de
- Energy → Infrastructure · power for transport and telecoms0.8
- Water → Energy · cooling water and hydropower0.6
- Water → Biodiversity · environmental flows0.6
- Infrastructure → Water · pipes, dams and treatment works0.6
08Standards and evidence
Standards and evidence, research and evidence, profile, what is changing and learning
Nexus Standards it teaches and relies on
Ew Nexus Standards the discipline teaches toward, grouped by master standard, with the disciplines that teach each.
nexustandards.com/climate · 2 taught
Avhewa û Pergalên Erdê
NRS-M17 Climate, nature and biodiversity; NRS-X3 Oceans and coasts risk
2standard1disciplinenexustandards.com/systemic-risk · 1 taught
Xeterên Pergalî
NRS-H67 Ocean circulation and marine tipping
1standard1discipline
Nexus Standards at the AcademyThe Academy proposes how each discipline teaches toward the Nexus Standards; the mapping is open for public review.
Research and tools
Research and preprints as they are published, by discipline, with the faculty’s other tools.
The hub lists the newest research and preprints for Oceans and coasts, each with its source and date. Open the research hub
Methods, frameworks and hazards
From the Academy’s risk taxonomy: the discipline’s own entries and those of its primary courses, with how many courses teach each.
Hazard families
- Sea level rise and coastal change2 courses
- Coastal flood and storm surge1 course
- Ground subsidence1 course
- Tropical cyclone1 course
Niha çi diguhere
Recent developments in oceans and coasts, each with its source; sources checked on 16 October 2026.
Courses in this discipline
Courses for this discipline are in development; until they open, study it through the connected courses and open lessons below.
Courses with this primary disciplineDi amadekirinê de
- RAN-323Disaster Risk in Small Island Developing StatesDi amadekirinê deNexus, L2 Intermediate, 10 hours (estimate)
- RAN-338Flood, Subsidence and Salinity Risk in Asian MegadeltasDi amadekirinê deNexus, L2 Intermediate, 8 hours (estimate)
Courses from connected disciplines that also teach this field
Each course has its primary discipline elsewhere and teaches this field as part of its scope.
How the subject is practised in labs
| Lab | What you do in it | Courses using it |
|---|---|---|
| Map lab | Read hazard, exposure and boundaries on real maps | 7 |
| Exposure lab | Overlay people and assets with hazard footprints | 5 |
| GeoAI lab | Apply Earth observation and machine learning to open imagery | 2 |
09Konsol
How Oceans and coasts is taught, as a process you can run
Press Play to run this process from this page’s own data.
10Pratîk
Practice, learning and connections
How technology helps and what risk it brings
Achievements in this discipline
Pathways that teach it
Where the subject is practised
- The Global Centre for Risk and Innovation (GCRI Canada)Okyanûs û peravênBlue economy, Fisheries and livelihoods, Island resilience, Marine ecosystems, Marine pollution, Ocean observation, Ports and maritime infrastructure, Sea level and coastal flood
- The Global Risks Forum (GRF)Rêveberiya avhewa û xwezayêRêveberiya zevî û okyanûsê
- The Global Centre for Risk and Innovation (GCRI Canada)Okyanûs û peravên deryayê
Field platforms of the ecosystem where the subject is studied and applied.
The two Foundry systems where it is practised
- FoundryNXS-EOP systemShorelines, sea surface and coastal change can be seen from orbitChange room, Maps room
- NXS-OPS systemTide gauges and buoys are physical instrumentsInstruments room
Foundry system pages describe what each system and its rooms are designed to do; the courses teach the methods these systems apply.
Disciplines it depends on
Across the ecosystem
11Beşdar bibe
Take part in Earth and Environmental Sciences
Ji kî bûna xwe dest pê bike.
12References
Core references and where to begin
Start with IPCC, then Church, then Kopp.
13Pirs
Pirs, bersiv û têgehên sereke
Gelo xwendin li vir belaş e?
Erê. Her kurs û materyalê fêrbûnê yê Risk Academy, bi rêberiya Nexus Consortium, xwendina wê belaş e, bi leza xwe an bi komekê re. Beşdariya asayî tu xercê nîne; xebata bi pere, stajyerî û bûrs rêkeftinên cuda ne.
Temamkirina kursekê çi dide min?
Tomara temamkirinê: kurs, guhertoya wê, dîrok û tiştê ku hat nirxandin, bi awayê xwerû taybet e û tu parve dikî. Ew li ser hev kom dibe bo destkeftên dîsîplîn, beş û bernameyê. Tomarek diyar dike çi hat xwendin û nirxandin û jêhatîbûnê piştrast nake; ew ne lîsans, ne sernavê pîşeyî û ne rewşa kar e.
Dane û cih ji ku tên?
Her fakulte li ser cêwîyekî cihekî rastîn ê ji daneyên vekirî hatî avakirin ders dide; her qat peydaker, lîsans û dîroka xwe hildigire, û her encam li ser Academy çavkaniya xwe diyar dike. Nexşe û wêne ji bo fêrkirinê nîşander in, qet ne nirxandina cihekî ne.
How do I take part beyond the courses in oceans and coasts?
Şaneyeke jêhatîbûnê ji sê heta heft kesan ava bike, rêyeke hevpar bixwîne, erkeke bi çavdêrî di National Working Groups de bigire, an komeke ji saziya xwe bîne. Ji bo rêxistinan.
Têgehên sereke
Têgeh
Bilindbûna ava behrê ya bahozê
An abnormal rise of sea level during a storm, driven mainly by wind and low pressure.
Têgeh
Relative sea-level rise
The change in sea level relative to the land, combining ocean rise with land subsidence or uplift.
Têgeh
Ocean acidification
The fall in seawater pH as the ocean absorbs carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.
Têgeh
Marine heatwave
A prolonged period of unusually warm sea temperatures at a location.
rêzeya Pergalên StratejîkBeşdar bibe
Ji vê rûpelê delîl bidin.
Reports is the Consortium’s quarterly publication. What you know about this subject can become evidence, a case or a correction in the next edition, credited to you and published under CC BY 4.0 where it is your own work.
Risk Academy
Girêdayî
Around Oceans and coasts
Okyanûs û peravên deryayê
Prepare with a related course
Open courses in connected disciplines teach the methods this discipline will build on.