Key risk indicator
A metric used to provide an early signal of increasing risk exposure in an area of the enterprise (COSO, 2010).
Escalation factor
A condition that can make a barrier fail or weaken it, such as poor maintenance or fatigue; it can have its own barriers.
Recovery barrier
A control on the right of the bow-tie that limits the severity of consequences once the top event has occurred.
Preventive barrier
A control on the left of the bow-tie that stops a threat from leading to the top event.
Bow-tie analysis
A technique that maps the causes of an unwanted event, its possible consequences and the controls on each side; IEC 31010:2019 lists it among techniques for analysing controls (B.4.2).