Illustrative: dipole field lines compressed by the solar wind, the magnetopause and the auroral ovals

Risk Academy, led by the Nexus Consortium · Hazards, Disasters and Resilience

Space weather and extraterrestrial hazards

Some hazards start at the Sun.

Map space weather and extraterrestrial hazards on a real place

01Model

The model, step by step

The model

From a coronal mass ejection to a grid operator's decision: how a field rate of change becomes a transformer current

DataModelGateDecision

7 steps
Share of the withstand limit
123%
Transit time at constant speed
34.6 h
Geoelectric field
4.59 V/km
Current in the transformer neutral
92 A
/

The model From a coronal mass ejection to a grid operator's decision: how a field rate of change becomes a transformer current

02Scope

What the discipline covers

The subtopics its courses and labs teach.

Space weather and extraterrestrial hazards: 0 primary courses open, 0 in preparation and 0 also taught here, across 9 subtopics. Courses: none yet.
Space weather and extraterrestrial hazards at a glance
  • Open, 0
  • In preparation, 0
  • Subtopics, 9
Course codes from the curriculum; study levels L1 to L4.
Courses
In development
Levels
In development
Labs
In development
  • Solar flares, coronal mass ejections and solar energetic particles
  • Geomagnetic storms and the NOAA scales
  • Geomagnetically induced currents in power grids
  • Effects on satellites, GNSS and high-frequency radio
  • Radiation at aviation altitudes
  • Space weather forecasting and solar wind monitors at L1
  • Near-Earth objects, impact probability and the Torino scale
  • Planetary defence and the asteroid warning network
  • Preparedness for severe space weather
03The discipline

The field and its scope

For grid operators, satellite and aviation planners, national risk assessors and forecasters who need to read a geomagnetic storm or near-Earth object alert and know what it means for the systems they run.

04Measures

Quantities and units

05Methods

Methods and their limits

Each method is listed with what it assumes and where it fails.

06Debates

What the field debates

07Bodies and data

Bodies that set practice, and the data they publish

Bodies and standards are named so learners can find and apply their published work; the Academy teaches their use and links to the publisher, and no affiliation is implied.

08Simulator

Run the discipline's simulator

Space weather and extraterrestrial hazards's own model, as a live chart: move each parameter and read how the outputs respond.

09Maps

Build a twin of any place

Search any place or open the world; the layers and generators follow space weather and extraterrestrial hazards on the planet map, the globe and in 3D.

The Kahramanmaras earthquake sequence of 2023: a flat plan of the faculty twin. Terrain 59 to 3,044 m; 2 reference earthquakes, M7.5 to M7.8; 3,643,786 people in the box, 2020; Earthquakes M4.5 and above, past week: read live when the 3D twin opens; USGS ShakeMap intensity contours: read live when the 3D twin opens. Contours every 500 metres from the elevation grid; population count 2020, worldpop 1 km as four classes per cell (edges 11, 47, 405); reference earthquakes as marks.
The Kahramanmaras earthquake sequence of 2023, Turkiye. Flat plan of the same data: relief, the two epicentres with magnitude and depth, the WorldPop count grid and the numbers below. The 3D twin opens on devices with WebGL once its data and library have been checked.
  • Terrain 59 to 3,044 m
  • 2 reference earthquakes, M7.5 to M7.8
  • 3,643,786 people in the box, 2020
  • Earthquakes M4.5 and above, past week: read live when the 3D twin opens
  • USGS ShakeMap intensity contours: read live when the 3D twin opens
Credits and dates per layer are listed under the stage. Relief in the twin is exaggerated ×1.5 for legibility.

Drag to move, right drag or Shift with a drag to turn and tilt, Ctrl with the wheel to zoom. Keyboard: arrows move, Shift with arrows turn and tilt, + and - zoom, 0 resets, V steps through the views, Escape clears.

Flat plan of the same data: relief, the two epicentres with magnitude and depth, the WorldPop count grid and the numbers below. The 3D twin opens on devices with WebGL once its data and library have been checked.

The boundaries, names and designations shown do not imply any judgement on the legal status of any territory, or any endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries. Countries: Natural Earth (public domain).

10Research hub

Research hub: papers, preprints and datasets

Open scholarly sources searched with the subject terms of Space weather and extraterrestrial hazards.

Search termsSpace weather and extraterrestrial hazards; Solar flares, coronal mass ejections and solar energetic particles; Geomagnetic storms and the NOAA scales; Geomagnetically induced currents in power grids; Effects on satellites, GNSS and high-frequency radio; Radiation at aviation altitudesDerived from the Risk Academy page on Space weather and extraterrestrial hazards.

  • OpenAlexlisted for reference; not queried
  • Crossreflisted for reference; not queried
  • DataCitelisted for reference; not queried
  • Zenodolisted for reference; not queried
  • arXivlisted for reference; not queried
  • Europe PMClisted for reference; not queried
  • OpenAIRE Graphlisted for reference; not queried

No source is enabled for live display on this site yet: the sources are listed for reference and none is queried. Once the publisher of record enables a source after its terms are reviewed, recent works are listed here. Metadata and links only: title, authors, venue, year, type, open-access status and licence as each source records them; works are listed for orientation, not reviewed or endorsed.

11Hub

Research and tools

Research and preprints as they are published, by discipline, with the faculty's other tools.

The hub lists the newest research and preprints for Space weather and extraterrestrial hazards, each with its source and date. Open the research hub

12Courses

Courses in this discipline

Courses for this discipline are in development; until they open, study it through the connected courses and open lessons below.

The course catalogue lists every open course of the Academy.

13Technology in this area

How technology helps and what risk it brings

14Achievements

Achievements in this discipline

  1. Course achievements

    One for each course with this as its primary discipline, earned when you pass the course's assessed activities.

  2. Department: Hazard Science

    Earn two discipline achievements in the Department of Hazard Science. In development.

An achievement is a record of the learning completed and assessed here. How recognition works.

15Where this is practised

Where the subject is practised

A field platform page on this subject is in development.

16Practised in

The two Nexus Foundry systems where it is practised

  • Nexus FoundryEWS systemSpace weather alerts are warnings judged by how they verifyWarning Desk room
  • SIG systemGeomagnetic storms degrade positioning, navigation and timingPNT Integrity room

Nexus Foundry system pages describe what each system and its rooms are designed to do; the courses teach the methods these systems apply.

17Across the ecosystem

Across the ecosystem

19References

Core references and where to begin

Start with Hapgood, then Tsurutani, then Riley.

NRNexus Reports gateway · GW-ACADEMY

Contribute to Nexus Reports from this page.

Nexus Reports is the Consortium's quarterly publication. What you know about this subject can become evidence, a case or a correction in the next edition, credited to you and published under CC BY 4.0 where it is your own work.

Risk Academy
Space weather and extraterrestrial hazards

Prepare with a related course

Open courses in connected disciplines teach the methods this discipline will build on.

Skip to toolbar