Illustrative: P and S rays refracted through crust, mantle and core; S stops at the liquid outer core

Risk Academy, led by the Nexus Consortium · Hazards, Disasters and Resilience · Department of Hazard Science

Earthquakes, tsunamis, volcanoes, landslides and the measures behind their maps

Earthquakes, volcanoes, tsunamis and landslides

Geophysical hazards are read through their intensity measures: MMI and peak ground acceleration for shaking, travel time for a tsunami, runout for a landslide, and the return periods a probabilistic seismic hazard analysis puts on them.

01Scope

What the discipline covers

The subtopics its courses and labs teach.

Earthquakes, volcanoes, tsunamis and landslides: 0 primary courses open, 7 in preparation and 4 also taught here, across 9 subtopics. Courses: RAF-109 L1 in preparation, RAN-327 L2 in preparation, RAN-328 L2 in preparation, RAN-329 L2 in preparation, RAN-330 L2 in preparation, RAN-334 L2 in preparation, RAN-344 L2 in preparation, RAN-320 L2 also taught here, RAN-335 L2 also taught here, RAN-338 L2 also taught here, RAT-208 L2 also taught here.
Earthquakes, volcanoes, tsunamis and landslides at a glance
  • Open, 0
  • In preparation, 7
  • Also taught here, 4
  • Subtopics, 9
Course codes from the curriculum; study levels L1 to L4.
Courses
In development
Levels
L1 Introductory, L2 Intermediate
Labs
Map lab, Geo quiz, Exposure lab, Trigger lab, GeoAI lab
  • Earthquake source, shaking and intensity
  • Seismic hazard assessment
  • Tsunami generation and warning
  • Volcanic hazards and monitoring
  • Landslides and debris flows
  • Ground subsidence
  • Space weather
  • Secondary and cascading geohazards
  • Building codes and seismic retrofit

Courses in development extend the scope to one further subject: Seismic risk reduction through codes and retrofit.

02The discipline

The field and its scope

For engineers, planners, emergency managers and analysts who need to read a seismic, tsunami, volcanic or landslide hazard product and know what it does and does not promise.

03Measures

Quantities and units

04Methods

Methods and their limits

Each method is listed with what it assumes and where it fails.

05Debates

What the field debates

06Bodies and data

Bodies that set practice, and the data they publish

Bodies and standards are named so learners can find and apply their published work; the Academy teaches their use and links to the publisher, and no affiliation is implied.

07The model

Run the discipline's model

Its chain from data to decision: set the parameters, play the steps, read each citation and the Nexus Standards each step teaches.

08Simulator

Run the discipline's simulator

Earthquakes, volcanoes, tsunamis and landslides's own model, as a live chart: move each parameter and read how the outputs respond.

09Maps

Build a twin of any place

Search any place or open the world; the layers and generators follow earthquakes, volcanoes, tsunamis and landslides on the planet map, the globe and in 3D.

The Kahramanmaras earthquake sequence of 2023: a flat plan of the faculty twin. Terrain 59 to 3,044 m; 2 reference earthquakes, M7.5 to M7.8; 3,643,786 people in the box, 2020; Earthquakes M4.5 and above, past week: read live when the 3D twin opens; USGS ShakeMap intensity contours: read live when the 3D twin opens. Contours every 500 metres from the elevation grid; population count 2020, worldpop 1 km as four classes per cell (edges 11, 47, 405); reference earthquakes as marks.
The Kahramanmaras earthquake sequence of 2023, Turkiye. Flat plan of the same data: relief, the two epicentres with magnitude and depth, the WorldPop count grid and the numbers below. The 3D twin opens on devices with WebGL once its data and library have been checked.
  • Terrain 59 to 3,044 m
  • 2 reference earthquakes, M7.5 to M7.8
  • 3,643,786 people in the box, 2020
  • Earthquakes M4.5 and above, past week: read live when the 3D twin opens
  • USGS ShakeMap intensity contours: read live when the 3D twin opens
Credits and dates per layer are listed under the stage. Relief in the twin is exaggerated ×1.5 for legibility.

Drag to move, right drag or Shift with a drag to turn and tilt, Ctrl with the wheel to zoom. Keyboard: arrows move, Shift with arrows turn and tilt, + and - zoom, 0 resets, V steps through the views, Escape clears.

Flat plan of the same data: relief, the two epicentres with magnitude and depth, the WorldPop count grid and the numbers below. The 3D twin opens on devices with WebGL once its data and library have been checked.

The boundaries, names and designations shown do not imply any judgement on the legal status of any territory, or any endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries. Countries: Natural Earth (public domain).

10Nexus Standards

Nexus Standards it teaches and relies on

The Nexus Standards the discipline teaches toward, grouped by master standard, with the disciplines that teach each.

Nexus Standards at the AcademyThe Academy proposes how each discipline teaches toward the Nexus Standards; the mapping is open for review by the editors of the Nexus Standards.

11Research hub

Research hub: papers, preprints and datasets

Open scholarly sources searched with the subject terms of Earthquakes, volcanoes, tsunamis and landslides.

Search termsEarthquakes, volcanoes, tsunamis and landslides; Earthquake source, shaking and intensity; Seismic hazard assessment; Tsunami generation and warning; Volcanic hazards and monitoring; Landslides and debris flowsDerived from the Risk Academy page on Earthquakes, volcanoes, tsunamis and landslides.

  • OpenAlexlisted for reference; not queried
  • Crossreflisted for reference; not queried
  • DataCitelisted for reference; not queried
  • Zenodolisted for reference; not queried
  • arXivlisted for reference; not queried
  • Europe PMClisted for reference; not queried
  • OpenAIRE Graphlisted for reference; not queried

No source is enabled for live display on this site yet: the sources are listed for reference and none is queried. Once the publisher of record enables a source after its terms are reviewed, recent works are listed here. Metadata and links only: title, authors, venue, year, type, open-access status and licence as each source records them; works are listed for orientation, not reviewed or endorsed.

12Hub

Research and tools

Research and preprints as they are published, by discipline, with the faculty's other tools.

The hub lists the newest research and preprints for Earthquakes, volcanoes, tsunamis and landslides, each with its source and date. Open the research hub

13Methods and standards

Hazard families it covers

From the Academy's risk taxonomy: the discipline's own entries and those of its primary courses, with how many courses teach each.

Hazard families

  1. Earthquake5 courses
  2. Volcanic activity4 courses
  3. Tropical cyclone3 courses
  4. Tsunami3 courses
  5. Climate variability modes2 courses
  6. Drought2 courses
  7. Glacier and permafrost change2 courses
  8. Landslide and mass movement2 courses
  9. Riverine flood1 course
  10. Severe convective storm1 course
14What is changing now

What is changing now

Recent developments in earthquakes, volcanoes, tsunamis and landslides, each with its source; sources checked on 16 October 2026.

15Courses

Courses in this discipline

Courses for this discipline are in development; until they open, study it through the connected courses and open lessons below.

16Also taught here

Courses from connected disciplines that also teach this field

Each course has its primary discipline elsewhere and teaches this field as part of its scope.

17Labs

How the subject is practised in labs

18Technology in this area

How technology helps and what risk it brings

19Achievements

Achievements in this discipline

20Pathways

Pathways that teach it

21Where this is practised

Where the subject is practised

  • The Global Centre for Risk and Innovation (GCRI Canada)Climate and HazardsEarthquakes and geohazards

Field platforms of the ecosystem where the subject is studied and applied.

22Practised in

The three Nexus Foundry systems where it is practised

23Across the ecosystem

Across the ecosystem

25References

Core references and where to begin

Start with Cornell, then Wald, then Stein.

NRNexus Reports gateway · GW-ACADEMY

Contribute to Nexus Reports from this page.

Nexus Reports is the Consortium's quarterly publication. What you know about this subject can become evidence, a case or a correction in the next edition, credited to you and published under CC BY 4.0 where it is your own work.

Risk Academy
Earthquakes, volcanoes, tsunamis and landslides

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