Illustrative: rain routed down a catchment to the flood plain, generated, with the intensity of a scenario rising and falling

Risk Academy, led by the Nexus Consortium · Earth and Environmental Sciences · Department of Water and Food Systems

Discharge, allocation, scarcity and flood on one reach

Water security and hydrology

Water security covers how much water a catchment delivers, who it is allocated to and what happens in a dry or a wet year.

01Scope

What the discipline covers

The subtopics its courses and labs teach.

Water security and hydrology: 1 primary courses open, 5 in preparation and 1 also taught here, across 9 subtopics and 4 connected disciplines. Courses: RAN-303 L2 open, RAN-321 L2 in preparation, RAN-331 L2 in preparation, RAN-335 L2 in preparation, RAN-340 L2 in preparation, RAN-365 L2 in preparation, RAS-407 L3 also taught here.
Water security and hydrology at a glance
  • Open, 1
  • In preparation, 5
  • Also taught here, 1
  • Subtopics, 9
Course codes from the curriculum; study levels L1 to L4.
Courses
1 course open
Levels
L2 Intermediate
Labs
Map lab, Network lab, Exposure lab, GeoAI lab
  • Catchment hydrology and the water balance
  • Groundwater and aquifers
  • Water stress and scarcity indicators
  • Drinking water, sanitation and hygiene
  • Water and wastewater utilities
  • Shared river basins and transboundary cooperation
  • Water quality
  • Integrated water resources management
  • Water-energy interdependence

Courses in development extend the scope to further subjects: Groundwater and aquifer risk; Transboundary water risk and cooperation.

02The discipline

The field and its scope

For hydrologists, basin planners, utility and irrigation managers and risk analysts who need to read a water balance, a drought index or a flood return level and know what each can and cannot support.

03Measures

Quantities and units

04Methods

Methods and their limits

Each method is listed with what it assumes and where it fails.

05Debates

What the field debates

06Bodies and data

Bodies that set practice, and the data they publish

Bodies and standards are named so learners can find and apply their published work; the Academy teaches their use and links to the publisher, and no affiliation is implied.

07The model

Run the discipline's model

Its chain from data to decision: set the parameters, play the steps, read each citation and the Nexus Standards each step teaches.

08Simulator

Run the discipline's simulator

Water security and hydrology's own model, as a live chart: move each parameter and read how the outputs respond.

09Maps

Build a twin of any place

Search any place or open the world; the layers and generators follow water security and hydrology on the planet map, the globe and in 3D.

The Po at Casale Monferrato and the Vercelli rice plain: a flat plan of the faculty twin. Terrain 63 to 471 m; River 435 km; Canal 2,280 km; River discharge, GloFAS via Open-Meteo: read live when the 3D twin opens; Vegetation index, MODIS Terra NDVI 8-day: read live when the 3D twin opens; Soil moisture, SMAP L3 (daily): read live when the 3D twin opens; Precipitation rate, GPM IMERG (30 minutes): read live when the 3D twin opens; Surface water extent, OPERA DSWx (HLS): read live when the 3D twin opens; True colour at 30 m, HLS Sentinel-2 (daily granules): read live when the 3D twin opens. Contours every 50 metres from the elevation grid; rivers and named canals by class.
The Po at Casale Monferrato and the Vercelli rice plain, Italy. Flat plan of the same data: relief as contours from the inline grid, rivers and canals, and the numbers below. The 3D twin opens on devices with WebGL once its data and library have been checked.
  • Terrain 63 to 471 m
  • River 435 km
  • Canal 2,280 km
  • River discharge, GloFAS via Open-Meteo: read live when the 3D twin opens
  • Vegetation index, MODIS Terra NDVI 8-day: read live when the 3D twin opens
  • Soil moisture, SMAP L3 (daily): read live when the 3D twin opens
  • Precipitation rate, GPM IMERG (30 minutes): read live when the 3D twin opens
  • Surface water extent, OPERA DSWx (HLS): read live when the 3D twin opens
  • True colour at 30 m, HLS Sentinel-2 (daily granules): read live when the 3D twin opens
Credits and dates per layer are listed under the stage. Relief in the twin is exaggerated ×1.5 for legibility.

Drag to move, right drag or Shift with a drag to turn and tilt, Ctrl with the wheel to zoom. Keyboard: arrows move, Shift with arrows turn and tilt, + and - zoom, 0 resets, V steps through the views, Escape clears.

Flat plan of the same data: relief as contours from the inline grid, rivers and canals, and the numbers below. The 3D twin opens on devices with WebGL once its data and library have been checked.

The boundaries, names and designations shown do not imply any judgement on the legal status of any territory, or any endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries. Countries: Natural Earth (public domain).

10Nexus signature

How water security and hydrology connects the sectors

Select corners to build a signature, then hover a line to read what each sector gives and receives.

Select corners · hover lines6 / 15 relations

Signature

Water and its partners

Water gives irrigation to food (0.8), cooling water and hydropower to energy (0.6) and environmental flows to biodiversity (0.6).

W · E · I · F · H · B

Sectors
4 of 6
Relations
6 of 15
Coupling
0.43 share of total

Strongest relations in play

  • Food → Biodiversity · land conversion0.6
  • Water → Energy · cooling water and hydropower0.6
  • Water → Food · irrigation0.8
  • Water → Biodiversity · environmental flows0.6
Teaching values for a typical city-region, not measurements for any place. Coupling is the summed strength of the relations in play, as a share of all fifteen.
12Research hub

Research hub: papers, preprints and datasets

Open scholarly sources searched with the subject terms of Water security and hydrology.

Search termsWater security and hydrology; Catchment hydrology and the water balance; Groundwater and aquifers; Water stress and scarcity indicators; Drinking water, sanitation and hygiene; Water and wastewater utilitiesDerived from the Risk Academy page on Water security and hydrology.

  • OpenAlexlisted for reference; not queried
  • Crossreflisted for reference; not queried
  • DataCitelisted for reference; not queried
  • Zenodolisted for reference; not queried
  • arXivlisted for reference; not queried
  • Europe PMClisted for reference; not queried
  • OpenAIRE Graphlisted for reference; not queried

No source is enabled for live display on this site yet: the sources are listed for reference and none is queried. Once the publisher of record enables a source after its terms are reviewed, recent works are listed here. Metadata and links only: title, authors, venue, year, type, open-access status and licence as each source records them; works are listed for orientation, not reviewed or endorsed.

13Hub

Research and tools

Research and preprints as they are published, by discipline, with the faculty's other tools.

The hub lists the newest research and preprints for Water security and hydrology, each with its source and date. Open the research hub

14Methods and standards

Hazard families it covers

From the Academy's risk taxonomy: the discipline's own entries and those of its primary courses, with how many courses teach each.

15What is changing now

What is changing now

Recent developments in water security and hydrology, each with its source; sources checked on 16 October 2026.

16Courses

Courses in this discipline

Courses with this as their primary discipline.

17Also taught here

Courses from connected disciplines that also teach this field

Each course has its primary discipline elsewhere and teaches this field as part of its scope.

From connected disciplinesIn development

  1. RAS-407Critical Infrastructure Interdependency and Resilience EngineeringIn developmentSystems, L3 Advanced, 12 hours (estimate), primary discipline: Reliability, safety and resilience engineering
18Labs

How the subject is practised in labs

LabWhat you do in itCourses using it
Map labRead hazard, exposure and boundaries on real maps4
Network labBuild dependency graphs, find critical nodes, trace cascades3
Exposure labOverlay people and assets with hazard footprints2
GeoAI labApply Earth observation and machine learning to open imagery1
19Technology in this area

How technology helps and what risk it brings

20Achievements

Achievements in this discipline

22Where this is practised

Where the subject is practised

23Practised in

The two Nexus Foundry systems where it is practised

  • Nexus FoundryGRIx systemWater stress, supply and quality indicators are canonical risk dataData room, Cascades room
  • EOP systemFloods, droughts and reservoirs show in comparable imageryChange room

Nexus Foundry system pages describe what each system and its rooms are designed to do; the courses teach the methods these systems apply.

24Connected disciplines

Disciplines it depends on

25Across the ecosystem

Across the ecosystem

27References

Core references and where to begin

Start with Grey, then Milly, then Beven.

NRNexus Reports gateway · GW-ACADEMY

Contribute to Nexus Reports from this page.

Nexus Reports is the Consortium's quarterly publication. What you know about this subject can become evidence, a case or a correction in the next edition, credited to you and published under CC BY 4.0 where it is your own work.

Risk Academy
Water security and hydrology

Start with an open course

The catalogue lists each course with its outcomes, labs, hours and level.

Skip to toolbar