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Reports · Risk Academy · Faculty
Banking and Financial Stability · Insurance and Actuarial Science · Financial Markets and Investment
Faculty of Finance and Economics in Reports
The faculty studies how risk is priced, pooled, transferred, financed and supervised across the financial system and the wider economy. This page shows the series it feeds, the evidence behind it and how to contribute.
- Series
- 2
- Systems
- 6
- Disciplines
- 17
What this area brings to the editions.
The faculty studies how risk is priced, pooled, transferred, financed and supervised across the financial system and the wider economy. It teaches banking, insurance and actuarial science, markets, investment and payments, public and development finance, and how shocks reach balance sheets.
9 findings of the drafted editions that bear on Faculty of Finance and Economics.
Drawn from the Baseline Edition 2026 drafts through the systems this area reads. Each opens at its anchor in its edition, with its numbered sources.
- JPNJapanAbout one in three households holds earthquake insurance; public infrastructure losses are largely uninsured.REPORTED · COUNTRY-JPN-FIN-010
- GLBGlobal SystemsNatural disasters caused US$224 billion in losses in 2025, of which US$108 billion (48%) was insured.REPORTED · GLOBAL-SYSTEMS-FIN-002
- CANCanadaInsured catastrophe losses reached a record C$9.1 billion in 2024, then C$2.4 billion in 2025, with 17 catastrophes declared.REPORTED · COUNTRY-CAN-FIN-002
- USAUnited StatesNorth America carried US$133 billion of 2025’s US$224 billion in global disaster losses; about US$93 billion was insured.REPORTED · COUNTRY-USA-FIN-002
- FRAFranceAbout 10.4 million detached houses are exposed to clay shrink-swell subsidence, a leading cost of the CatNat regime.REPORTED · COUNTRY-FRA-FIN-009
- DEUGermanyOnly about 54% of residential buildings carry natural-hazard insurance.REPORTED · COUNTRY-DEU-FIN-005
- ITAItalyOnly 7.3% of homes are insured against earthquake and flood, and about 16% of firms complied with the business insurance mandate a year after it began.REPORTED · COUNTRY-ITA-FIN-011
- SR-01Global PolycrisisNatural disasters caused US$224 billion in losses in 2025, of which US$108 billion (48%) was insured.REPORTED · STRATEGIC-POLYCRISIS-GLOBAL-FIN-002
- XT-01Artificial Intelligence and Agentic SystemsAbout 2.6 billion people remained offline in 2024, limiting who can benefit from AI.REPORTED · XTECH-AI-GLOBAL-DEV-011
From Foundry evidence to the series.
The evidence, step by step, from the systems this area reads to the series it feeds.
How Faculty of Finance and Economics reaches Reports: what it reads, how it reads it, the sealed cut and the series it feeds.
| Step | What happens | Source |
|---|---|---|
| 01 What it reads | Faculty of Finance and Economics reads The Global Risks Index (NXS-GRX) and NXS-DSS (decision cases and deliberation): governed sources with their releases, never a value without its source. | |
| 02 How it reads them | Banking and credit risk and Financial stability and systemic financial risk turn the evidence into findings, with assumptions and limits stated beside each value. | |
| 03 The cut is sealed | Each quarter the evidence is sealed in one cut, so OBSERVED, REPORTED and ESTIMATED values stay apart and every edition can be rebuilt. | |
| 04 The series it feeds | The cut feeds Portfolio and Readiness and Finance and Insurance Readiness, from the Baseline Edition 2026 into the quarterly series. | |
| 05 Who decides | Decisions stay with the authorities that hold them, under their own rules; an edition informs a decision and never makes it. |
A teaching model of the evidence path, not a forecast and not a record of any run; the systems, methods and series named come from the registries. Sources: Faculty of Finance and Economics in Reports (2026); Faculty of Finance and Economics home (2026).
The series it feeds, and what backs each.
| Series | Foundry systems it draws on | Academy disciplines | Series home |
|---|---|---|---|
| Portfolio and Readiness | NXS-CMD (integrated posture and executive synthesis) national and programme portfolios with their readiness evidence NXS-AAP (anticipatory action and triggers) whether early actions can be delivered within their lead time NXS-RLS (participants, agreements and handoffs) the commitments and conditions attached to each portfolio item | Development finance Enterprise risk management and risk frameworks Early warning and anticipatory action | Portfolio and Readiness series home |
| Finance and Insurance Readiness | NXS-GRX physical and systemic risk series at the resolution finance needs NXS-DSS the scenario sets a readiness file is tested against NXS-RLS the obligations and conditions a readiness file records | Insurance, reinsurance and protection gaps Disaster risk finance Climate and nature financial risk | Finance and Insurance Readiness series home |
The 17 disciplines this faculty teaches.
- Banking and credit risk0Open courses3In preparation
- Financial stability and systemic financial risk2Open courses2In preparation
- Financial regulation and supervision0Open courses4In preparation
- Financial crime and fraud0Open courses2In preparation
- Operational resilience and ICT risk in finance0Open courses0In preparation
- Insurance, reinsurance and protection gaps0Open courses4In preparation
- Actuarial science0Open courses1In preparation
- Disaster risk finance1Open courses2In preparation
- Market, liquidity and treasury risk0Open courses4In preparation
- Asset management, private markets and institutional investors0Open courses0In preparation
- Payments, market infrastructure and fintech0Open courses0In preparation
- Climate and nature financial risk1Open courses2In preparation
- Nature and biodiversity finance0Open courses0In preparation
- Public finance and sovereign debt0Open courses1In preparation
- Development finance0Open courses1In preparation
- Economic development and macroeconomic shocks0Open courses2In preparation
- Macroeconomics of climate and disasters0Open courses0In preparation
The systems, methods and teaching behind it.
- NXS-GRXNXS-GRXNXS-GRXNXS-GRX
- NXS-DSSNXS-DSSNXS-DSSRooms: Scenarios, Decisions.
- NXS-NSF (trust, authorisation and assurance)NXS-NSFNXS-NSFRooms: Authority, Assurance.
- NXS-RLSNXS-RLSNXS-RLSRooms: Obligations, Handoffs.
- NXS-NETNXS-NETNXS-NETRooms: Topology, Continuity.
- NXS-LAB (research, experiments and simulations)NXS-LABNXS-LABRooms: Experiments, Benchmarks.
Where the same subject is reported elsewhere.
- Counterpart · GRAReportsBanking NexusDraws on this faculty.
- Counterpart · GRAReportsFinancial StabilityDraws on this faculty.
- Counterpart · GRAReportsFinancial Regulation NexusDraws on this faculty.
- Counterpart · GRAReportsFinancial Crime and Fraud RiskDraws on this faculty.
- Counterpart · GRAReportsReinsurance and CatastropheDraws on this faculty.
- Counterpart · GRAReportsInsurance NexusDraws on this faculty.
- Counterpart · GRAReportsActuarial and Quantitative RiskDraws on this faculty.
- Counterpart · GRAReportsDisaster Risk FinanceDraws on this faculty.
- Counterpart · GRAReportsCapital Markets NexusDraws on this faculty.
- Standards areaNexus StandardsFor finance and insuranceFinance, insurance and the economy. Parts NS-9, NS-10, NS-11, NS-14.
- Standards areaNexus StandardsFor humanitarian and public-sector practitionersHumanitarian action and development. Parts NS-0, NS-3, NS-10, NS-11.
- Standards areaNexus StandardsFinance and payments dataFinance, insurance and the economy. Parts NS-9, NS-10, NS-11, NS-14.
- Standards areaNexus StandardsSustainable finance and disclosure alignmentFinance, insurance and the economy. Parts NS-3, NS-10, NS-11.
- Standards areaNexus StandardsHumanitarian standards alignmentHumanitarian action and development. Parts NS-3, NS-10, NS-11.
- Standards areaNexus StandardsFinancial and economic risk standardsFinance, insurance and the economy. Parts NS-0, NS-3, NS-9, NS-10, NS-11, NS-14.
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