The Global Centre for Risk and Innovation (GCRI)
Illustrative: event footprints crossing a portfolio, losses rising and the exceedance-probability curve
Risk Academy, led by the Nexus Consortium · Finance and Economics
Insurance, reinsurance and protection gaps covers how risk is pooled and transferred through insurance and reinsurance: underwriting and pricing, property and casualty, life and health, reinsurance structures, catastrophe accumulation, solvency and capital, Takaful and insurtech, and the protection gaps where losses are not insured.
Map insurance, reinsurance and protection gaps on a real place
The model
From a loss tail to a premium: return-period losses, capital and the price of cover
DataModelGateDecisionStandard it teachesStandard it relies onNeighbouring discipline
The model From a loss tail to a premium: return-period losses, capital and the price of cover
The subtopics its courses and labs teach.
For underwriters, actuaries, brokers, risk managers and policy staff who need to understand how risk is pooled, priced and transferred, and why some losses are not insured.
Each method is listed with what it assumes and where it fails.
Bodies and standards are named so learners can find and apply their published work; the Academy teaches their use and links to the publisher, and no affiliation is implied.
Insurance, reinsurance and protection gaps's own model, as a live chart: move each parameter and read how the outputs respond.
Search any place or open the world; the layers and generators follow insurance, reinsurance and protection gaps on the planet map, the globe and in 3D.
Drag to move, right drag or Shift with a drag to turn and tilt, Ctrl with the wheel to zoom. Keyboard: arrows move, Shift with arrows turn and tilt, + and - zoom, 0 resets, V steps through the views, Escape clears.
Flat plan of the same data: relief as contours from the inline grid, the plants by capacity, the industrial points by kind and the numbers below. The 3D twin opens on devices with WebGL once its data and library have been checked.
The boundaries, names and designations shown do not imply any judgement on the legal status of any territory, or any endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries. Countries: Natural Earth (public domain).
The Nexus Standards the discipline teaches toward, grouped by master standard, with the disciplines that teach each.
Nexus Standards at the AcademyThe Academy proposes how each discipline teaches toward the Nexus Standards; the mapping is open for review by the editors of the Nexus Standards.
Open scholarly sources searched with the subject terms of Insurance, reinsurance and protection gaps.
Search termsInsurance, reinsurance and protection gaps; Underwriting and pricing; Property and casualty; Life and health insurance; Reinsurance structures; Catastrophe accumulationDerived from the Risk Academy page on Insurance, reinsurance and protection gaps.
No source is enabled for live display on this site yet: the sources are listed for reference and none is queried. Once the publisher of record enables a source after its terms are reviewed, recent works are listed here. Metadata and links only: title, authors, venue, year, type, open-access status and licence as each source records them; works are listed for orientation, not reviewed or endorsed.
Research and preprints as they are published, by discipline, with the faculty's other tools.
The hub lists the newest research and preprints for Insurance, reinsurance and protection gaps, each with its source and date. Open the research hub
From the Academy's risk taxonomy: the discipline's own entries and those of its primary courses, with how many courses teach each.
Recent developments in insurance, reinsurance and protection gaps, each with its source; sources checked on 16 October 2026.
Courses for this discipline are in development; until they open, study it through the connected courses and open lessons below.
Courses with this primary disciplineIn development
Each course has its primary discipline elsewhere and teaches this field as part of its scope.
From connected disciplinesIn development
| Lab | What you do in it | Courses using it |
|---|---|---|
| Exposure lab | Overlay people and assets with hazard footprints | 2 |
| Trigger lab | Set forecast thresholds, pre-agreed actions and messages | 2 |
| Map lab | Read hazard, exposure and boundaries on real maps | 1 |
Nexus Foundry system pages describe what each system and its rooms are designed to do; the courses teach the methods these systems apply.
Start with Rothschild, then Kunreuther, then Grossi.
Nexus Reports is the Consortium's quarterly publication. What you know about this subject can become evidence, a case or a correction in the next edition, credited to you and published under CC BY 4.0 where it is your own work.
Open courses in connected disciplines teach the methods this discipline will build on.