Illustrative: a fire front spreading fastest downwind over hill terrain, embers and the smoke plume

Risk Academy, led by the Nexus Consortium · Earth and Environmental Sciences

Land, forests and soils

The discipline covers land degradation, desertification, deforestation and land-use change, soil health and erosion, and the role of land in carbon, water and food systems.

Map land, forests and soils on a real place

01Model

The model, step by step

The model

From a bare slope to a degraded hectare: how rain, slope and cover set soil loss, and soil loss a land decision

DataModelGateDecisionStandard it teachesStandard it relies onNeighbouring discipline

8 steps
Soil loss as a multiple of a tolerable 10 t
3.3×
Slope factor LS (50 m slope)
2.18
Soil loss
32.8 t/ha/yr
Years to lose 10 cm of topsoil
41 years
/

The model From a bare slope to a degraded hectare: how rain, slope and cover set soil loss, and soil loss a land decision

02Scope

What the discipline covers

The subtopics its courses and labs teach.

Land, forests and soils: 0 primary courses open, 2 in preparation and 2 also taught here, across 8 subtopics. Courses: RAN-343 L2 in preparation, RAN-364 L2 in preparation, RAF-104 L1 also taught here, RAF-120 L1 also taught here.
Land, forests and soils at a glance
  • Open, 0
  • In preparation, 2
  • Also taught here, 2
  • Subtopics, 8
Course codes from the curriculum; study levels L1 to L4.
Courses
In development
Levels
In development
Labs
Map lab, Exposure lab, GeoAI lab
  • Land degradation and desertification
  • Deforestation and land-use change
  • Soil health and erosion
  • Land tenure and land governance
  • Drylands and rangelands
  • Land-based carbon
  • Sand and dust storms
  • Land restoration and degradation neutrality

Courses in development extend the scope to further subjects: Land degradation, soils and land tenure; Amazon and tropical forest risk.

03The discipline

The field and its scope

For land managers, foresters, soil scientists, restoration planners and analysts of land-related risk who need to read a forest loss map, a soil carbon stock or a degradation indicator and know what it can support.

04Measures

Quantities and units

05Methods

Methods and their limits

Each method is listed with what it assumes and where it fails.

06Debates

What the field debates

07Bodies and data

Bodies that set practice, and the data they publish

Bodies and standards are named so learners can find and apply their published work; the Academy teaches their use and links to the publisher, and no affiliation is implied.

08Simulator

Run the discipline's simulator

Land, forests and soils's own model, as a live chart: move each parameter and read how the outputs respond.

09Maps

Maps and the globe for any place

Search any place or open the world; the layers and generators follow land, forests and soils on the planet map, the globe and in 3D.

The boundaries, names and designations shown do not imply any judgement on the legal status of any territory, or any endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries. Countries: Natural Earth (public domain).

10Nexus signature

How land, forests and soils connects the sectors

Select corners to build a signature, then hover a line to read what each sector gives and receives.

Select corners · hover lines6 / 15 relations

Signature

Biodiversity and its partners

Biodiversity gives pollination and soils to food (0.6), watershed regulation to water (0.5) and zoonotic spillover and medicines to health (0.4).

W · E · I · F · H · B

Sectors
4 of 6
Relations
6 of 15
Coupling
0.46 share of total

Strongest relations in play

  • Food → Biodiversity · land conversion0.6
  • Water → Food · irrigation0.8
  • Water → Biodiversity · environmental flows0.6
  • Food → Health · nutrition0.7
Teaching values for a typical city-region, not measurements for any place. Coupling is the summed strength of the relations in play, as a share of all fifteen.
11Nexus Standards

Nexus Standards it teaches and relies on

The Nexus Standards the discipline teaches toward, grouped by master standard, with the disciplines that teach each.

12Research hub

Research hub: papers, preprints and datasets

Open scholarly sources searched with the subject terms of Land, forests and soils.

Search termsLand, forests and soils; Land degradation and desertification; Deforestation and land-use change; Soil health and erosion; Land tenure and land governance; Drylands and rangelandsDerived from the Risk Academy page on Land, forests and soils.

  • OpenAlexlisted for reference; not queried
  • Crossreflisted for reference; not queried
  • DataCitelisted for reference; not queried
  • Zenodolisted for reference; not queried
  • arXivlisted for reference; not queried
  • Europe PMClisted for reference; not queried
  • OpenAIRE Graphlisted for reference; not queried

No source is enabled for live display on this site yet: the sources are listed for reference and none is queried. Once the publisher of record enables a source after its terms are reviewed, recent works are listed here. Metadata and links only: title, authors, venue, year, type, open-access status and licence as each source records them; works are listed for orientation, not reviewed or endorsed.

13Hub

Research and tools

Research and preprints as they are published, by discipline, with the faculty's other tools.

The hub lists the newest research and preprints for Land, forests and soils, each with its source and date. Open the research hub

14Methods and standards

Hazard families it covers

From the Academy's risk taxonomy: the discipline's own entries and those of its primary courses, with how many courses teach each.

Hazard families

  1. Deforestation and land-use changescope
  2. Land degradation and desertificationscope
15What is changing now

What is changing now

Recent developments in land, forests and soils, each with its source; sources checked on 16 October 2026.

16Courses

Courses in this discipline

Courses for this discipline are in development; until they open, study it through the connected courses and open lessons below.

The courses from connected disciplines below also teach this field.

17Also taught here

Courses from connected disciplines that also teach this field

Each course has its primary discipline elsewhere and teaches this field as part of its scope.

From connected disciplines1 course open

  1. RAF-104Biodiversity and EcosystemsOpen for enrolmentFoundation, L1 Introductory, 21.5 hours, primary discipline: Biodiversity and ecosystems
  2. RAF-120Pollution and Environmental Health RiskIn developmentFoundation, L1 Introductory, 6 hours (estimate), primary discipline: Pollution and environmental health
18Labs

How the subject is practised in labs

LabWhat you do in itCourses using it
Map labRead hazard, exposure and boundaries on real maps2
Exposure labOverlay people and assets with hazard footprints1
GeoAI labApply Earth observation and machine learning to open imagery1
19Technology in this area

How technology helps and what risk it brings

AspectIn this area
Technology that helpsEarth observation and acoustic monitoring, environmental DNA and GeoAI.
Risk technology createsThe governance of biotechnology releases, and data sovereignty.
  • RAT-212 GeoAI for Risk: Methods and Critical Review In development
  • RAS-419 Biosecurity Governance and Oversight In development
  • RAT-233 Risk Data Governance, Provenance and Licensing In development
20Achievements

Achievements in this discipline

22Where this is practised

Where the subject is practised

Field platforms of the ecosystem where the subject is studied and applied.

23Practised in

The two Nexus Foundry systems where it is practised

  • Nexus FoundryEOP systemDeforestation and land degradation can be seen from orbitChange room, Maps room
  • GRIx systemSoil and land indicators are canonical risk dataData room

Nexus Foundry system pages describe what each system and its rooms are designed to do; the courses teach the methods these systems apply.

24Across the ecosystem

Across the ecosystem

26References

Core references and where to begin

Start with Foley, then Hansen, then Curtis.

NRNexus Reports gateway · GW-ACADEMY

Contribute to Nexus Reports from this page.

Nexus Reports is the Consortium's quarterly publication. What you know about this subject can become evidence, a case or a correction in the next edition, credited to you and published under CC BY 4.0 where it is your own work.

Risk Academy
Land, forests and soils

Start with an open course

The catalogue lists each course with its outcomes, labs, hours and level.

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